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779 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
779 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
+++
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description = "Generate diagrams and flowcharts from text"
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title = "Mermaid"
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+++
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The `mermaid` shortcode generates diagrams and flowcharts from text, in a similar manner as Markdown using the [Mermaid](https://mermaidjs.github.io/) library.
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{{< mermaid align="center">}}
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graph LR;
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If --> Then
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Then --> Else
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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## Usage
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While the examples are using shortcodes with named parameter it is recommended to use Markdown codefences instead. This is because more and more other software supports Mermaid Markdown codefences (eg. GitHub) and so your markdown becomes more portable.
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You are free to also call this shortcode from your own partials.
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{{< tabs groupid="shortcode-parameter">}}
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{{% tab title="markdown" %}}
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````md
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```mermaid { align="center" zoom="true" }
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graph LR;
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If --> Then
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Then --> Else
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```
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````
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{% tab title="shortcode" %}}
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````go
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{{</* mermaid align="center" zoom="true" */>}}
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graph LR;
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If --> Then
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Then --> Else
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{% tab title="partial" %}}
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````go
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{{ partial "shortcodes/mermaid.html" (dict
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"page" .
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"content" "graph LR;\nIf --> Then\nThen --> Else"
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"align" "center"
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"zoom" "true"
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)}}
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````
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{< /tabs >}}
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The generated graphs can be panned by dragging them and zoomed by using the mousewheel. On mobile devices you can use finger gestures.
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### Parameter
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| Name | Default | Notes |
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|-----------------------|------------------|-------------|
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| **align** | `center` | Allowed values are `left`, `center` or `right`. |
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| **zoom** | see notes | Whether the graph is pan- and zoomable.<br><br>If not set the value is determined by the `mermaidZoom` setting of the [site](#global-configuration-file) or the [pages frontmatter](#pages-frontmatter) or `false` if not set at all.<br><br>- `false`: no pan or zoom<br>- `true`: pan and zoom active |
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| _**<content>**_ | _<empty>_ | Your Mermaid graph. |
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## Configuration
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Mermaid is configured with default settings. You can customize Mermaid's default settings for all of your files through a JSON object in your `hugo.toml`, override these settings per page through your pages frontmatter or override these setting per diagramm through [diagram directives](https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/#/directives?id=directives).
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The JSON object of your `hugo.toml` / frontmatter is forwarded into Mermaid's `mermaid.initialize()` function.
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See [Mermaid documentation](https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/#/Setup?id=mermaidapi-configuration-defaults) for all allowed settings.
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The `theme` setting can also be set by your used color variant. This will be the sitewide default and can - again - be overridden by your settings in `hugo.toml`, frontmatter or diagram directives.
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### Global Configuration File
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{{< multiconfig file=hugo >}}
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[params]
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mermaidInitialize = "{ \"theme\": \"dark\" }"
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mermaidZoom = true
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{{< /multiconfig >}}
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### Page's Frontmatter
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{{< multiconfig fm=true >}}
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mermaidInitialize = "{ \"theme\": \"dark\" }"
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mermaidZoom = true
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{{< /multiconfig >}}
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## Examples
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### Flowchart with YAML-Title
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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---
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title: Example Diagram
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---
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graph LR;
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A[Hard edge] -->|Link text| B(Round edge)
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B --> C{<strong>Decision</strong>}
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C -->|One| D[Result one]
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C -->|Two| E[Result two]
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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---
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title: Example Diagram
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---
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graph LR;
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A[Hard edge] -->|Link text| B(Round edge)
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B --> C{<strong>Decision</strong>}
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C -->|One| D[Result one]
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C -->|Two| E[Result two]
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Sequence Diagram with Configuration Directive
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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%%{init:{"fontFamily":"monospace", "sequence":{"showSequenceNumbers":true}}}%%
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sequenceDiagram
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Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
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loop Healthcheck
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John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
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end
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Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
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John-->>Alice: Great!
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John->>Bob: How about you?
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Bob-->>John: Jolly good!
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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%%{init:{"fontFamily":"monospace", "sequence":{"showSequenceNumbers":true}}}%%
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sequenceDiagram
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Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
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loop Healthcheck
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John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
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end
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Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
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John-->>Alice: Great!
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John->>Bob: How about you?
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Bob-->>John: Jolly good!
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Class Diagram with Markdown Codefence Syntax
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````go
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```mermaid
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classDiagram
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Animal <|-- Duck
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Animal <|-- Fish
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Animal <|-- Zebra
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Animal : +int age
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Animal : +String gender
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Animal: +isMammal()
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Animal: +mate()
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class Duck{
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+String beakColor
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+swim()
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+quack()
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}
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class Fish{
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-int sizeInFeet
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-canEat()
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}
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class Zebra{
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+bool is_wild
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+run()
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}
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```
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````
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````mermaid
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classDiagram
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Animal <|-- Duck
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Animal <|-- Fish
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Animal <|-- Zebra
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Animal : +int age
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Animal : +String gender
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Animal: +isMammal()
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Animal: +mate()
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class Duck{
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+String beakColor
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+swim()
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+quack()
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}
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class Fish{
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-int sizeInFeet
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-canEat()
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}
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class Zebra{
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+bool is_wild
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+run()
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}
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````
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### State Diagram Aligned to the Right
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````go
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{{</* mermaid align="right" */>}}
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stateDiagram-v2
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open: Open Door
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closed: Closed Door
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locked: Locked Door
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open --> closed: Close
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closed --> locked: Lock
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locked --> closed: Unlock
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closed --> open: Open
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid align="right" >}}
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stateDiagram-v2
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open: Open Door
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closed: Closed Door
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locked: Locked Door
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open --> closed: Close
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closed --> locked: Lock
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locked --> closed: Unlock
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closed --> open: Open
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Entity Relationship Model with Non-Default Mermaid Theme
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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%%{init:{"theme":"forest"}}%%
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erDiagram
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CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : has
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CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places
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CUSTOMER ||--o{ INVOICE : "liable for"
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DELIVERY-ADDRESS ||--o{ ORDER : receives
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INVOICE ||--|{ ORDER : covers
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ORDER ||--|{ ORDER-ITEM : includes
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PRODUCT-CATEGORY ||--|{ PRODUCT : contains
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PRODUCT ||--o{ ORDER-ITEM : "ordered in"
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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%%{init:{"theme":"forest"}}%%
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erDiagram
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CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : has
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CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places
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CUSTOMER ||--o{ INVOICE : "liable for"
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DELIVERY-ADDRESS ||--o{ ORDER : receives
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INVOICE ||--|{ ORDER : covers
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ORDER ||--|{ ORDER-ITEM : includes
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PRODUCT-CATEGORY ||--|{ PRODUCT : contains
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PRODUCT ||--o{ ORDER-ITEM : "ordered in"
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### User Journey
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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journey
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title My working day
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section Go to work
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Make tea: 5: Me
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Go upstairs: 3: Me
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Do work: 1: Me, Cat
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section Go home
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Go downstairs: 5: Me
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Sit down: 3: Me
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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journey
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title My working day
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section Go to work
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Make tea: 5: Me
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Go upstairs: 3: Me
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Do work: 1: Me, Cat
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section Go home
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Go downstairs: 5: Me
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Sit down: 3: Me
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### GANTT Chart
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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gantt
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dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
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title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to Mermaid
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section A section
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Completed task :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
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Active task :active, des2, 2014-01-09, 3d
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Future task : des3, after des2, 5d
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Future task2 : des4, after des3, 5d
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section Critical tasks
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Completed task in the critical line :crit, done, 2014-01-06,24h
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Implement parser and jison :crit, done, after des1, 2d
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Create tests for parser :crit, active, 3d
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Future task in critical line :crit, 5d
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Create tests for renderer :2d
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Add to Mermaid :1d
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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gantt
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dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
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title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to Mermaid
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section A section
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Completed task :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
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Active task :active, des2, 2014-01-09, 3d
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Future task : des3, after des2, 5d
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Future task2 : des4, after des3, 5d
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section Critical tasks
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Completed task in the critical line :crit, done, 2014-01-06,24h
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Implement parser and jison :crit, done, after des1, 2d
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Create tests for parser :crit, active, 3d
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Future task in critical line :crit, 5d
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Create tests for renderer :2d
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Add to Mermaid :1d
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Pie Chart without Zoom
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````go
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{{</* mermaid zoom="false" */>}}
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pie title Pets adopted by volunteers
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"Dogs" : 386
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"Cats" : 85
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"Rats" : 15
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid zoom="false" >}}
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pie title Pets adopted by volunteers
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"Dogs" : 386
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"Cats" : 85
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"Rats" : 15
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Quadrant Chart
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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pie title Pets adopted by volunteers
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title Reach and engagement of campaigns
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x-axis Low Reach --> High Reach
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y-axis Low Engagement --> High Engagement
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quadrant-1 We should expand
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quadrant-2 Need to promote
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quadrant-3 Re-evaluate
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quadrant-4 May be improved
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Campaign A: [0.3, 0.6]
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Campaign B: [0.45, 0.23]
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Campaign C: [0.57, 0.69]
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Campaign D: [0.78, 0.34]
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Campaign E: [0.40, 0.34]
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Campaign F: [0.35, 0.78]
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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quadrantChart
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title Reach and engagement of campaigns
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x-axis Low Reach --> High Reach
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y-axis Low Engagement --> High Engagement
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quadrant-1 We should expand
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quadrant-2 Need to promote
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quadrant-3 Re-evaluate
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quadrant-4 May be improved
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Campaign A: [0.3, 0.6]
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Campaign B: [0.45, 0.23]
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Campaign C: [0.57, 0.69]
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Campaign D: [0.78, 0.34]
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Campaign E: [0.40, 0.34]
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Campaign F: [0.35, 0.78]
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Requirement Diagram
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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requirementDiagram
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requirement test_req {
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id: 1
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text: the test text.
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risk: high
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verifymethod: test
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}
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element test_entity {
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type: simulation
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}
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test_entity - satisfies -> test_req
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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requirementDiagram
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requirement test_req {
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id: 1
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text: the test text.
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risk: high
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verifymethod: test
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}
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element test_entity {
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type: simulation
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}
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test_entity - satisfies -> test_req
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### Git Graph
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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gitGraph
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commit
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commit
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branch develop
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checkout develop
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commit
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commit
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checkout main
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merge develop
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commit
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commit
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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gitGraph
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commit
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commit
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branch develop
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checkout develop
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commit
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commit
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checkout main
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merge develop
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commit
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commit
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{{< /mermaid >}}
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### C4 Diagrams
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````go
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{{</* mermaid */>}}
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C4Context
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title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System
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Enterprise_Boundary(b0, "BankBoundary0") {
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Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B")
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Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C", "desc")
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Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank, <br/> with personal bank accounts.")
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System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.")
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Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") {
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SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.")
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System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") {
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System(SystemA, "Banking System A")
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System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts. next line.")
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}
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System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.")
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SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") {
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SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank.")
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SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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}
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}
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}
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BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses")
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BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses")
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Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP")
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Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to")
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UpdateElementStyle(customerA, $fontColor="red", $bgColor="grey", $borderColor="red")
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UpdateRelStyle(customerA, SystemAA, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetX="5")
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UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemE, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-10")
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UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemC, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-40", $offsetX="-50")
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UpdateRelStyle(SystemC, customerA, $textColor="red", $lineColor="red", $offsetX="-50", $offsetY="20")
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UpdateLayoutConfig($c4ShapeInRow="3", $c4BoundaryInRow="1")
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{{</* /mermaid */>}}
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````
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{{< mermaid >}}
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C4Context
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title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System
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Enterprise_Boundary(b0, "BankBoundary0") {
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Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B")
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Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C", "desc")
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Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank, <br/> with personal bank accounts.")
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System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.")
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Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") {
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SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.")
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System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") {
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System(SystemA, "Banking System A")
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System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts. next line.")
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}
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System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.")
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SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") {
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SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank.")
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SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
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}
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}
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}
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BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses")
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BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses")
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Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP")
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Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to")
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UpdateElementStyle(customerA, $fontColor="red", $bgColor="grey", $borderColor="red")
|
|
UpdateRelStyle(customerA, SystemAA, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetX="5")
|
|
UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemE, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-10")
|
|
UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemC, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-40", $offsetX="-50")
|
|
UpdateRelStyle(SystemC, customerA, $textColor="red", $lineColor="red", $offsetX="-50", $offsetY="20")
|
|
|
|
UpdateLayoutConfig($c4ShapeInRow="3", $c4BoundaryInRow="1")
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Mindmaps
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
mindmap
|
|
root((mindmap))
|
|
Origins
|
|
Long history
|
|
::icon(fa fa-book)
|
|
Popularisation
|
|
British popular psychology author Tony Buzan
|
|
Research
|
|
On effectiveness<br/>and features
|
|
On Automatic creation
|
|
Uses
|
|
Creative techniques
|
|
Strategic planning
|
|
Argument mapping
|
|
Tools
|
|
Pen and paper
|
|
Mermaid
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
mindmap
|
|
root((mindmap))
|
|
Origins
|
|
Long history
|
|
::icon(fa fa-book)
|
|
Popularisation
|
|
British popular psychology author Tony Buzan
|
|
Research
|
|
On effectiveness<br/>and features
|
|
On Automatic creation
|
|
Uses
|
|
Creative techniques
|
|
Strategic planning
|
|
Argument mapping
|
|
Tools
|
|
Pen and paper
|
|
Mermaid
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Timeline
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
timeline
|
|
title History of Social Media Platform
|
|
2002 : LinkedIn
|
|
2004 : Facebook
|
|
: Google
|
|
2005 : Youtube
|
|
2006 : Twitter
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
timeline
|
|
title History of Social Media Platform
|
|
2002 : LinkedIn
|
|
2004 : Facebook
|
|
: Google
|
|
2005 : Youtube
|
|
2006 : Twitter
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Sankey
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
sankey-beta
|
|
|
|
%% source,target,value
|
|
Electricity grid,Over generation / exports,104.453
|
|
Electricity grid,Heating and cooling - homes,113.726
|
|
Electricity grid,H2 conversion,27.14
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
sankey-beta
|
|
|
|
%% source,target,value
|
|
Electricity grid,Over generation / exports,104.453
|
|
Electricity grid,Heating and cooling - homes,113.726
|
|
Electricity grid,H2 conversion,27.14
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### XYChart
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
xychart-beta
|
|
title "Sales Revenue"
|
|
x-axis [jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec]
|
|
y-axis "Revenue (in $)" 4000 --> 11000
|
|
bar [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
|
|
line [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
xychart-beta
|
|
title "Sales Revenue"
|
|
x-axis [jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec]
|
|
y-axis "Revenue (in $)" 4000 --> 11000
|
|
bar [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
|
|
line [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000]
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Block Diagram
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
block-beta
|
|
columns 1
|
|
db(("DB"))
|
|
blockArrowId6<[" "]>(down)
|
|
block:ID
|
|
A
|
|
B["A wide one in the middle"]
|
|
C
|
|
end
|
|
space
|
|
D
|
|
ID --> D
|
|
C --> D
|
|
style B fill:#969,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
block-beta
|
|
columns 1
|
|
db(("DB"))
|
|
blockArrowId6<[" "]>(down)
|
|
block:ID
|
|
A
|
|
B["A wide one in the middle"]
|
|
C
|
|
end
|
|
space
|
|
D
|
|
ID --> D
|
|
C --> D
|
|
style B fill:#969,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Packet
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
---
|
|
title: "TCP Packet"
|
|
---
|
|
packet-beta
|
|
0-15: "Source Port"
|
|
16-31: "Destination Port"
|
|
32-63: "Sequence Number"
|
|
64-95: "Acknowledgment Number"
|
|
96-99: "Data Offset"
|
|
100-105: "Reserved"
|
|
106: "URG"
|
|
107: "ACK"
|
|
108: "PSH"
|
|
109: "RST"
|
|
110: "SYN"
|
|
111: "FIN"
|
|
112-127: "Window"
|
|
128-143: "Checksum"
|
|
144-159: "Urgent Pointer"
|
|
160-191: "(Options and Padding)"
|
|
192-255: "Data (variable length)"
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
---
|
|
title: "TCP Packet"
|
|
---
|
|
packet-beta
|
|
0-15: "Source Port"
|
|
16-31: "Destination Port"
|
|
32-63: "Sequence Number"
|
|
64-95: "Acknowledgment Number"
|
|
96-99: "Data Offset"
|
|
100-105: "Reserved"
|
|
106: "URG"
|
|
107: "ACK"
|
|
108: "PSH"
|
|
109: "RST"
|
|
110: "SYN"
|
|
111: "FIN"
|
|
112-127: "Window"
|
|
128-143: "Checksum"
|
|
144-159: "Urgent Pointer"
|
|
160-191: "(Options and Padding)"
|
|
192-255: "Data (variable length)"
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|
|
|
|
### Architecture
|
|
|
|
````go
|
|
{{</* mermaid */>}}
|
|
architecture-beta
|
|
group api(cloud)[API]
|
|
|
|
service db(database)[Database] in api
|
|
service disk1(disk)[Storage] in api
|
|
service disk2(disk)[Storage] in api
|
|
service server(server)[Server] in api
|
|
|
|
db:L -- R:server
|
|
disk1:T -- B:server
|
|
disk2:T -- B:db
|
|
{{</* /mermaid */>}}
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
{{< mermaid >}}
|
|
architecture-beta
|
|
group api(cloud)[API]
|
|
|
|
service db(database)[Database] in api
|
|
service disk1(disk)[Storage] in api
|
|
service disk2(disk)[Storage] in api
|
|
service server(server)[Server] in api
|
|
|
|
db:L -- R:server
|
|
disk1:T -- B:server
|
|
disk2:T -- B:db
|
|
{{< /mermaid >}}
|