+++ description = "Generate diagrams and flowcharts from text" frontmatter = ["customMermaidURL", "mermaid.force", "mermaidInitialize", "mermaidZoom"] options = ["customMermaidURL", "mermaid.force", "mermaidInitialize", "mermaidZoom"] title = "Mermaid" +++ The `mermaid` shortcode generates diagrams and flowcharts from text in a similar manner as Markdown, using the [Mermaid](https://mermaidjs.github.io/) library. ````mermaid {align="center" zoom="true"} graph LR; If --> Then Then --> Else ```` ## Usage {{< tabs groupid="shortcode-parameter">}} {{% tab title="codefence" %}} ````md ```mermaid {align="center" zoom="true"} graph LR; If --> Then Then --> Else ``` ```` {{% /tab %}} {{% tab title="shortcode" %}} ````go {{}} graph LR; If --> Then Then --> Else {{}} ```` {{% /tab %}} {{% tab title="partial" %}} ````go {{ partial "shortcodes/mermaid.html" (dict "page" . "content" "graph LR;\n If --> Then\n Then --> Else" "align" "center" "zoom" "true" )}} ```` {{% /tab %}} {{< /tabs >}} Codefence syntax is widely adopted in other Markdown parsers like GitHub and therefore is the recommend syntax for generating portable Markdown. ### Parameter | Name | Default | Notes | |-----------------------|------------------|-------------| | **align** | `center` | The vertical alignment.

Allowed values are `left`, `center` or `right`. | | **zoom** | see notes | Whether the graph is pan- and zoomable.

If not set the value is determined by the [`mermaidZoom` setting](#configuring-pan-and-zoom) of your configurations options or the pages frontmatter or `false` if not set at all.

- `false`: no pan or zoom
- `true`: pan and zoom active | | _**<content>**_ | _<empty>_ | Your Mermaid graph. | ## Settings ### Configuring Pan and Zoom {{% badge style="cyan" icon="gears" title=" " %}}Option{{% /badge %}} {{% badge style="green" icon="fa-fw fab fa-markdown" title=" " %}}Front Matter{{% /badge %}} The generated graphs can be panned by dragging them and zoomed by using the mousewheel. On mobile devices you can use finger gestures. By default this is disabled. Set `mermaidZoom=true` to enable it. Individual settings of a graphs [`zoom` parameter](#parameter) have precedence over the page's front matter and configuration options in that order. ### Providing Initialization Options for the Mermaid Library {{% badge style="cyan" icon="gears" title=" " %}}Option{{% /badge %}} {{% badge style="green" icon="fa-fw fab fa-markdown" title=" " %}}Front Matter{{% /badge %}} The Mermaid library is configured with default settings for initialization. You can overwrite the settings by providing a JSON object in `mermaidInitialize`. See [Mermaid's documentation](https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/#/Setup?id=mermaidapi-configuration-defaults) for all allowed settings. Keep in mind that initialization settings of your pages front matter overwrite all settings of your configuration options. In addition, you can merge settings for each individual graph through [diagram directives](https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/#/directives?id=directives) on top of the settings of your page's front matter or configuration options. ### Loading an External Version of the Mermaid Library {{% badge style="cyan" icon="gears" title=" " %}}Option{{% /badge %}} {{% badge style="green" icon="fa-fw fab fa-markdown" title=" " %}}Front Matter{{% /badge %}} The theme uses the shipped Mermaid library by default. In case you want do use a different version of the Mermaid library but don't want to override the shipped version, you can set `customMermaidURL` to the URL of the external Mermaid library. #### Example {{< multiconfig file=hugo >}} [params] customMermaidURL = "https://unpkg.com/mermaid/dist/mermaid.min.js" {{< /multiconfig >}} ### Force Loading of the Mermaid Library {{% badge style="cyan" icon="gears" title=" " %}}Option{{% /badge %}} {{% badge style="green" icon="fa-fw fab fa-markdown" title=" " %}}Front Matter{{% /badge %}} The Mermaid library will be loaded if the page contains an `mermaid` shortcode or codefence. You can force loading the Mermaid library if no shortcode or codefence was used by setting `mermaid.force=true`. If a shortcode or codefence was found, this option has no effect. This comes handy in case you are using scripting to render a graph. ### Setting a Specific Mermaid Theme While you can configure the Mermaid theme to render your graph by using one of the [initialization options](#providing-initialization-options-for-the-mermaid-library), the recommended way is to set the default value in the `--MERMAID-theme` variable of your used [color variant](configuration/appearance/generator/). This allows your graphs to look pretty when the user switches a color variant. ## Examples ### Flowchart with YAML-Title ````md ```mermaid --- title: Example Diagram --- graph LR; A[Hard edge] -->|Link text| B(Round edge) B --> C{Decision} C -->|One| D[Result one] C -->|Two| E[Result two] ``` ```` ````mermaid --- title: Example Diagram --- graph LR; A[Hard edge] -->|Link text| B(Round edge) B --> C{Decision} C -->|One| D[Result one] C -->|Two| E[Result two] ```` ### Sequence Diagram with Configuration Directive ````md ```mermaid %%{init:{"fontFamily":"monospace", "sequence":{"showSequenceNumbers":true}}}%% sequenceDiagram Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you? loop Healthcheck John->>John: Fight against hypochondria end Note right of John: Rational thoughts! John-->>Alice: Great! John->>Bob: How about you? Bob-->>John: Jolly good! ``` ```` ````mermaid %%{init:{"fontFamily":"monospace", "sequence":{"showSequenceNumbers":true}}}%% sequenceDiagram Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you? loop Healthcheck John->>John: Fight against hypochondria end Note right of John: Rational thoughts! John-->>Alice: Great! John->>Bob: How about you? Bob-->>John: Jolly good! ```` ### Class Diagram ````md ```mermaid classDiagram Animal <|-- Duck Animal <|-- Fish Animal <|-- Zebra Animal : +int age Animal : +String gender Animal: +isMammal() Animal: +mate() class Duck{ +String beakColor +swim() +quack() } class Fish{ -int sizeInFeet -canEat() } class Zebra{ +bool is_wild +run() } ``` ```` ````mermaid classDiagram Animal <|-- Duck Animal <|-- Fish Animal <|-- Zebra Animal : +int age Animal : +String gender Animal: +isMammal() Animal: +mate() class Duck{ +String beakColor +swim() +quack() } class Fish{ -int sizeInFeet -canEat() } class Zebra{ +bool is_wild +run() } ```` ### State Diagram Aligned to the Right Using Shortcode Syntax ````go {{}} stateDiagram-v2 open: Open Door closed: Closed Door locked: Locked Door open --> closed: Close closed --> locked: Lock locked --> closed: Unlock closed --> open: Open {{}} ```` {{< mermaid align="right" >}} stateDiagram-v2 open: Open Door closed: Closed Door locked: Locked Door open --> closed: Close closed --> locked: Lock locked --> closed: Unlock closed --> open: Open {{< /mermaid >}} ### Entity Relationship Model with Non-Default Mermaid Theme ````md ```mermaid %%{init:{"theme":"forest"}}%% erDiagram CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : has CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places CUSTOMER ||--o{ INVOICE : "liable for" DELIVERY-ADDRESS ||--o{ ORDER : receives INVOICE ||--|{ ORDER : covers ORDER ||--|{ ORDER-ITEM : includes PRODUCT-CATEGORY ||--|{ PRODUCT : contains PRODUCT ||--o{ ORDER-ITEM : "ordered in" ``` ```` ````mermaid %%{init:{"theme":"forest"}}%% erDiagram CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : has CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places CUSTOMER ||--o{ INVOICE : "liable for" DELIVERY-ADDRESS ||--o{ ORDER : receives INVOICE ||--|{ ORDER : covers ORDER ||--|{ ORDER-ITEM : includes PRODUCT-CATEGORY ||--|{ PRODUCT : contains PRODUCT ||--o{ ORDER-ITEM : "ordered in" ```` ### User Journey ````md ```mermaid journey title My working day section Go to work Make tea: 5: Me Go upstairs: 3: Me Do work: 1: Me, Cat section Go home Go downstairs: 5: Me Sit down: 3: Me ``` ```` ````mermaid journey title My working day section Go to work Make tea: 5: Me Go upstairs: 3: Me Do work: 1: Me, Cat section Go home Go downstairs: 5: Me Sit down: 3: Me ```` ### GANTT Chart ````md ```mermaid gantt dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to Mermaid section A section Completed task :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08 Active task :active, des2, 2014-01-09, 3d Future task : des3, after des2, 5d Future task2 : des4, after des3, 5d section Critical tasks Completed task in the critical line :crit, done, 2014-01-06,24h Implement parser and jison :crit, done, after des1, 2d Create tests for parser :crit, active, 3d Future task in critical line :crit, 5d Create tests for renderer :2d Add to Mermaid :1d ``` ```` ````mermaid gantt dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to Mermaid section A section Completed task :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08 Active task :active, des2, 2014-01-09, 3d Future task : des3, after des2, 5d Future task2 : des4, after des3, 5d section Critical tasks Completed task in the critical line :crit, done, 2014-01-06,24h Implement parser and jison :crit, done, after des1, 2d Create tests for parser :crit, active, 3d Future task in critical line :crit, 5d Create tests for renderer :2d Add to Mermaid :1d ```` ### Pie Chart without Zoom ````md ```mermaid {zoom="false"} pie title Pets adopted by volunteers "Dogs" : 386 "Cats" : 85 "Rats" : 15 ``` ```` ````mermaid {zoom="false"} pie title Pets adopted by volunteers "Dogs" : 386 "Cats" : 85 "Rats" : 15 ```` ### Quadrant Chart ````md ```mermaid quadrantChart title Reach and engagement of campaigns x-axis Low Reach --> High Reach y-axis Low Engagement --> High Engagement quadrant-1 We should expand quadrant-2 Need to promote quadrant-3 Re-evaluate quadrant-4 May be improved Campaign A: [0.3, 0.6] Campaign B: [0.45, 0.23] Campaign C: [0.57, 0.69] Campaign D: [0.78, 0.34] Campaign E: [0.40, 0.34] Campaign F: [0.35, 0.78] ``` ```` ````mermaid quadrantChart title Reach and engagement of campaigns x-axis Low Reach --> High Reach y-axis Low Engagement --> High Engagement quadrant-1 We should expand quadrant-2 Need to promote quadrant-3 Re-evaluate quadrant-4 May be improved Campaign A: [0.3, 0.6] Campaign B: [0.45, 0.23] Campaign C: [0.57, 0.69] Campaign D: [0.78, 0.34] Campaign E: [0.40, 0.34] Campaign F: [0.35, 0.78] ```` ### Requirement Diagram ````md ```mermaid requirementDiagram requirement test_req { id: 1 text: the test text. risk: high verifymethod: test } element test_entity { type: simulation } test_entity - satisfies -> test_req ``` ```` ````mermaid requirementDiagram requirement test_req { id: 1 text: the test text. risk: high verifymethod: test } element test_entity { type: simulation } test_entity - satisfies -> test_req ```` ### Git Graph ````md ```mermaid gitGraph commit commit branch develop checkout develop commit commit checkout main merge develop commit commit ``` ```` ````mermaid gitGraph commit commit branch develop checkout develop commit commit checkout main merge develop commit commit ```` ### C4 Diagrams ````md ```mermaid C4Context title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System Enterprise_Boundary(b0, "BankBoundary0") { Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B") Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C", "desc") Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank,
with personal bank accounts.") System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.") Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") { SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.") System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") { System(SystemA, "Banking System A") System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts. next line.") } System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.") SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") { SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank.") SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") } } } BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses") BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses") Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP") Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to") UpdateElementStyle(customerA, $fontColor="red", $bgColor="grey", $borderColor="red") UpdateRelStyle(customerA, SystemAA, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetX="5") UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemE, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-10") UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemC, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-40", $offsetX="-50") UpdateRelStyle(SystemC, customerA, $textColor="red", $lineColor="red", $offsetX="-50", $offsetY="20") UpdateLayoutConfig($c4ShapeInRow="3", $c4BoundaryInRow="1") ``` ```` ````mermaid C4Context title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System Enterprise_Boundary(b0, "BankBoundary0") { Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B") Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C", "desc") Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank,
with personal bank accounts.") System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.") Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") { SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.") System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") { System(SystemA, "Banking System A") System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts. next line.") } System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.") SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") { SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank.") SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.") } } } BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses") BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses") Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP") Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to") UpdateElementStyle(customerA, $fontColor="red", $bgColor="grey", $borderColor="red") UpdateRelStyle(customerA, SystemAA, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetX="5") UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemE, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-10") UpdateRelStyle(SystemAA, SystemC, $textColor="blue", $lineColor="blue", $offsetY="-40", $offsetX="-50") UpdateRelStyle(SystemC, customerA, $textColor="red", $lineColor="red", $offsetX="-50", $offsetY="20") UpdateLayoutConfig($c4ShapeInRow="3", $c4BoundaryInRow="1") ```` ### Mindmaps ````md ```mermaid mindmap root((mindmap)) Origins Long history ::icon(fa fa-book) Popularisation British popular psychology author Tony Buzan Research On effectiveness
and features On Automatic creation Uses Creative techniques Strategic planning Argument mapping Tools Pen and paper Mermaid ``` ```` ````mermaid mindmap root((mindmap)) Origins Long history ::icon(fa fa-book) Popularisation British popular psychology author Tony Buzan Research On effectiveness
and features On Automatic creation Uses Creative techniques Strategic planning Argument mapping Tools Pen and paper Mermaid ```` ### Timeline ````md ```mermaid timeline title History of Social Media Platform 2002 : LinkedIn 2004 : Facebook : Google 2005 : Youtube 2006 : Twitter ``` ```` ````mermaid timeline title History of Social Media Platform 2002 : LinkedIn 2004 : Facebook : Google 2005 : Youtube 2006 : Twitter ```` ### Sankey ````md ```mermaid sankey-beta %% source,target,value Electricity grid,Over generation / exports,104.453 Electricity grid,Heating and cooling - homes,113.726 Electricity grid,H2 conversion,27.14 ``` ```` ````mermaid sankey-beta %% source,target,value Electricity grid,Over generation / exports,104.453 Electricity grid,Heating and cooling - homes,113.726 Electricity grid,H2 conversion,27.14 ```` ### XYChart ````md ```mermaid xychart-beta title "Sales Revenue" x-axis [jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec] y-axis "Revenue (in $)" 4000 --> 11000 bar [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000] line [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000] ``` ```` ````mermaid xychart-beta title "Sales Revenue" x-axis [jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec] y-axis "Revenue (in $)" 4000 --> 11000 bar [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000] line [5000, 6000, 7500, 8200, 9500, 10500, 11000, 10200, 9200, 8500, 7000, 6000] ```` ### Block Diagram ````md ```mermaid block-beta columns 1 db(("DB")) blockArrowId6<["   "]>(down) block:ID A B["A wide one in the middle"] C end space D ID --> D C --> D style B fill:#969,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px ``` ```` ````mermaid block-beta columns 1 db(("DB")) blockArrowId6<["   "]>(down) block:ID A B["A wide one in the middle"] C end space D ID --> D C --> D style B fill:#969,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px ```` ### Packet ````md ```mermaid --- title: "TCP Packet" --- packet-beta 0-15: "Source Port" 16-31: "Destination Port" 32-63: "Sequence Number" 64-95: "Acknowledgment Number" 96-99: "Data Offset" 100-105: "Reserved" 106: "URG" 107: "ACK" 108: "PSH" 109: "RST" 110: "SYN" 111: "FIN" 112-127: "Window" 128-143: "Checksum" 144-159: "Urgent Pointer" 160-191: "(Options and Padding)" 192-255: "Data (variable length)" ``` ```` ````mermaid --- title: "TCP Packet" --- packet-beta 0-15: "Source Port" 16-31: "Destination Port" 32-63: "Sequence Number" 64-95: "Acknowledgment Number" 96-99: "Data Offset" 100-105: "Reserved" 106: "URG" 107: "ACK" 108: "PSH" 109: "RST" 110: "SYN" 111: "FIN" 112-127: "Window" 128-143: "Checksum" 144-159: "Urgent Pointer" 160-191: "(Options and Padding)" 192-255: "Data (variable length)" ```` ### Architecture ````md ```mermaid architecture-beta group api(cloud)[API] service db(database)[Database] in api service disk1(disk)[Storage] in api service disk2(disk)[Storage] in api service server(server)[Server] in api db:L -- R:server disk1:T -- B:server disk2:T -- B:db ``` ```` ````mermaid architecture-beta group api(cloud)[API] service db(database)[Database] in api service disk1(disk)[Storage] in api service disk2(disk)[Storage] in api service server(server)[Server] in api db:L -- R:server disk1:T -- B:server disk2:T -- B:db ````